Mesothelioma is a rare but aggressive cancer that affects the mesothelium, protective membrane on the lungs, heart and other internal organs. It is divided into subcategories based on several factors, including disease progression, the cancer cell type involved, and location of primary cancerous tumors. This article explains the three types of mesothelioma based on the latter factor, known as pleural mesothelioma, peritoneal and pericardial.
Mesothelioma Subcategories:
While mesothelioma can spread throughout your body as you go, usually begins in one central place. The three types of mesothelioma based on their location are as follows:
Pleural mesothelioma: This disease affects the pleura, a segment of the mesothelium that covers and protects the lungs. It is the most common form of mesothelioma, accounting for approximately 75% of diagnosed cases. The symptoms of this disease are a chronic cough, chest pain and shortness of breath.
Peritoneal mesothelioma: Up to 20% of cases of mesothelioma are peritoneal mesothelioma. This disease attacks the peritoneum, a protective membrane over the abdomen. Symptoms of this form of mesothelioma include abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, loss of appetite and digestive problems.
Pericardial Mesothelioma: This is the rarest form of mesothelioma, accounting for only 5% of cases. This disease affects the pericardium, which is part of the mesothelium that covers and protects the heart. The symptoms of pericardial mesothelioma include persistent chest pain, irregular heartbeat, shortness of breath and fatigue.
When a patient is diagnosed with mesothelioma, it is important for physicians to identify the subtype that he or she is suffering. This knowledge may affect the treatment options that doctors recommend. For example, different types of mesothelioma can present different types of surgical options, or respond differently to treatments such as radiation or chemotherapy.